You will need to convert the sprite's X and Y positions (which could be anything from 0 to 320 for the X, and 0 to 240 for the Y) to array elements :
PlayerX# = PlayerX# / 16
PlayerY# = PlayerY# / 16
Next, work out the integer values of the above :
PlayerX = Int(PlayerX#)
PlayerY = Int(PlayerY#)
Now, use the PlayerX and PlayerY you have to check the adjacent cells :
PlayerUp = level_tiles(PlayerX, PlayerY-1)
PlayerDown = level_tiles(PlayerX, PlayerY+1)
PlayerLeft = level_tiles(PlayerX-1, PlayerY)
PlayerRight = level_tiles(PlayerX+1,PlayerY)
If you want to see an example of this in action then check out my Pac Man guide which has array-based collision detection along the same lines as yours :
http://darkbasic.thegamecreators.com/?m=forum_view&t=28865&b=7
Hope this helps.