A good example to compare OOP to is animals.
Your basic class is "Animal".
It has various attributes - limbs, teeth, eyes, wings, etc...
It also has methods - eat(), drink(), move() etc...
You can now instantiate animals and make them different. One may have 4 limbs and 32 teeth (human), another may have no limbs or teeth(fish)
Through encapsulation, I can make sure you never make a human with more than 32 teeth. You can try, but I'll just make sure the maximum is 32.
Through Polymorphism, I can make your animal do the right thing. So if you ask me to move your animal, I'll make it slither if it's a snake, and walk if it's a human.
Through Inheritance, I can make you an athlete without repeating myself. I'll inherit an animal of type human, and extend it's move() method to go faster than your average human.
And all of these animals have the ability to report their current state of existence to you.